How is 'social stratification' typically defined?

Social stratification is typically defined as the hierarchical arrangement of individuals based on various factors, most notably wealth, prestige, and power. This concept illustrates how society is structured in layers or tiers, with some individuals or groups occupying positions that grant them more resources, opportunities, and status than others.

This framework allows for the analysis of social inequalities and helps to understand how different groups interact within these hierarchies. While some societies strive for equality, stratification highlights the divisions that naturally occur based on socioeconomic conditions. Those at the top often have better access to education, healthcare, and political influence, whereas those at the bottom may face greater challenges and fewer resources.

The other options describe concepts unrelated to the definition of social stratification. For instance, the notion of equal distribution of wealth and power would suggest a lack of differentiation within society, which contradicts the essence of stratification. The absence of class distinctions would mean that all members of society operate on the same level, which again opposes the concept of social stratification. Lastly, the promotion of community cohesion speaks to the unity and integration of members in a community rather than their hierarchical differences, making it unrelated to the structural nature of social stratification.