What process involves the modification of cultural elements in a society?

The process that involves the modification of cultural elements in a society is best identified as change. Change encompasses a broad range of transformations, including shifts in values, norms, and practices over time, which reflects the evolving nature of culture within a society. It signifies that cultural elements are not static; rather, they are subject to influences that may lead to their modification or transformation.

While adaptation also refers to the modification of cultural practices, it specifically implies adjustments made in response to new circumstances or challenges, often focusing on the functional aspects of culture. This is more specific than the broader concept of change. Innovation pertains to the introduction of new ideas or methods, which can certainly lead to change, but it does not encompass all modifications that may arise within a culture. Tradition refers to the established customs and practices passed down through generations, which inherently resist change rather than embody it. Hence, change represents the overall process of cultural evolution effectively, making it the most fitting answer.