What type of change involves gradual structural alterations in society?

The concept of evolutionary change refers specifically to gradual, long-term transformations within the structures of society. This type of change occurs slowly over time, often as a result of ongoing social interactions, cultural shifts, and the interplay of various social forces. Evolutionary change emphasizes continuity and adaptation, leading to developments that can enhance social organization, norms, and values without abrupt disruptions.

In contrast to revolutionary change, which signifies rapid and often radical shifts that can dismantle existing structures, evolutionary change is characterized by its cumulative nature. This means that it builds upon previous changes, integrating innovations or adaptations incrementally. By understanding societal evolution in this way, it's clear that the process is shaped by myriad small shifts rather than a single significant event.

Adaptive change, while closely related, typically refers to specific modifications or adjustments made in response to immediate challenges or environmental pressures, rather than the broad structural alterations that evolutionary change entails. Transient change refers to temporary shifts that do not have lasting effects on the social structure.

By highlighting the gradual nature of evolutionary change, it effectively captures the essence of how societies transform and adapt over time, making it the correct choice for this question.