Which term best describes societal practices that discriminate based on race?

The term that best describes societal practices that discriminate based on race is racism. Racism refers to the beliefs, practices, and institutional structures that promote discrimination against individuals or groups based on their racial or ethnic identity. It encompasses a wide range of negative attitudes and actions, including prejudice, discrimination, and systemic inequalities that arise from the belief in the superiority of one race over another.

Cultural diversity refers to the presence of various cultural groups within a society and the positive recognition of different cultural backgrounds. Ethnocentrism involves evaluating other cultures based on the standards of one's own culture, often leading to negative judgments. Integration represents the process of bringing different groups together to coexist, but it does not inherently imply discrimination; rather, it aims for inclusion and equality among various cultural or racial groups. Therefore, racism is the most accurate term to identify societal practices rooted in racial discrimination.